Questions & Answers on PCB Assembly

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What are Castellated Holes on a PCB?

PCB Assembly

Editorial Team - PCB Directory

Jun 13, 2020

Castellated Holes or Castellations are indentations created in the form of semi-plated holes on the edges of the PCB boards. These Castellations help to mount one PCB board on top of another during assembly. Depending upon the application, instead of half holes, they may also look like a small or larger portion of a broken circle. Such holes are designed to provide proper alignment between the boa...read more

What are PCB Test points?

Editorial Team - PCB Directory

Aug 20, 2022

A test point in a PCB is an exposed copper pad that can be used to check whether a circuit is functioning to specification. During production, users can inject test signals via probes through the test points to detect potential issues. The test signals output determines if a given signal is low/high when compared with the desired result and optimal changes can be made to achieve the same.The PCB T...read more

What are Plated Through Holes?

PCB Assembly

Editorial Team - PCB Directory

Jun 13, 2020

In through-hole technology, the components are mounted on the PCB board by inserting their leads through the respective hole. These holes are called through holes since they are drilled from the top to the bottom of the board. When using Plated Through Holes, as the name suggests, the inner wall of the holes is covered with a thin layer of Copper, which makes the entire inner hole area conductive....read more

What is Solder Dewetting?

Editorial Team - PCB Directory

Dec 3, 2024

Proper soldering techniques are essential to creating electronic devices that function properly. In the electronics industry when a PCB is manufactured, the immediate next step is to solder all the electrical components like resistors, capacitors, and many other components to the PCB traces. However, sometimes the process doesn’t go as planned and which eventually leads to soldering issues a...read more

Understanding the PCB Requirements for Automotive Applications

PCB Assembly

Editorial Team - PCB Directory

Jan 12, 2024

The automotive industry is undergoing a transformative shift towards advanced technologies, with electronic components playing a central role in shaping the future of vehicles. As automobiles become increasingly sophisticated, the reliance on Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) has grown exponentially. From powering safety features to facilitating communication systems and enabling advanced driver assis...read more

What are the PCB Design Considerations for Cryogenic Applications?

PCB Assembly

Editorial Team - PCB Directory

Jan 4, 2024

Cryogenic applications involve the utilization of extremely low temperatures, typically below -150°C or -238°F, for various scientific, industrial, and technological purposes. These environments pose unique challenges and necessitate specialized approaches, particularly in the design of printed circuit boards (PCBs). As the backbone of electronic systems, PCBs play a pivotal role in ensuri...read more

Cost Analysis of PCB Assembly

PCB Assembly

Editorial Team

Rush PCB Inc.

Manufacturing costs are always a major concern for OEMs. Printed circuit board or PCB assembly costs include the materials that go into fabricating them, the components mounted on them, and the expertise necessary to make them reliable and safe. In this article, Rush PCB analyzes the cost breakup of a PCB assembly, so that our customers can take more informed decisions.Factors Affecting PCB Assemb...read more

What is Through-hole PCB Assembly?

PCB Assembly

Editorial Team - PCB Directory

Jul 26, 2022

In through hole PCB assembly, the components are mounted on the PCB board by inserting their leads/terminals in holes that are already drilled through the PCB board. These terminals are then soldered manually or through reflow soldering to hold the component in place and connect it to the conductive path. One key thing to note about Thru-hole assembly is that it is not very efficient for multi-lay...read more

What is Solder Paste Inspection (SPI) Equipment in PCB Assembly?

Editorial Team - PCB Directory

Dec 2, 2024

Solder Paste Inspection (SPI) Equipment are machines designed to inspect and verify the precise deposition of solder paste onto printed circuit boards (PCBs) during the surface mount technology (SMT) assembly process. They are critical components in the electronics manufacturing process, playing a pivotal role in ensuring the quality and reliability of electronic assemblies.Understanding Solder Pa...read more

What is SMT or Surface Mount Technology?

Editorial Team - PCB Directory

Aug 22, 2021

Surface Mount Technology (SMT) is an umbrella term that includes the methods of mounting and soldering electronic components directly onto the surface of a PCB. The components that are mounted can be resistors, capacitors, transistors, integrated circuits, etc., and these components are referred to as Surface Mounted Devices, or SMDs. SMD is an electronic device/component that can be soldered dire...read more

What is Brazing?

Editorial Team - PCB Directory

Sep 24, 2024

Brazing is a distinctive joining process that, unlike traditional soldering, utilizes filler metals with higher melting points, resulting in durable and robust joints. Its significance extends across diverse sectors such as automotive, aerospace, and plumbing. This process's ability to create strong, temperature-resistant bonds makes it a vital technique in the manufacturing landscape. In this...read more

What is COB (Chip on Board) Assembly?

PCB Assembly

COB (Chip on Board) assembly is a PCB manufacturing process where bare semiconductor chips are mounted directly onto a printed circuit board or substrate using epoxy, while the electrical interconnections are made through flip-chip technology or wire-bonding process. COB process eliminates the need for packaging of individual semiconductor devices, which makes the completed product to be cheaper, ...read more

What are Fume Extraction Equipment in PCB Fabrication?

Editorial Team - PCB Directory

Jan 7, 2025

Fume Extraction Equipment are machines designed to capture and remove harmful fumes generated during processes like soldering and chemical application posing risks to both human health and the integrity of electronic components. They play a critical role in PCB manufacturing by addressing the potential hazards associated with the release of fumes and pollutants creating a healthier and safer worki...read more

What is a Light-Dependent Resistor (LDR)?

PCB Assembly

An LDR, short for Light Dependent Resistor, is a kind of resistor that works on the principle of photoconductivity. It implies that its resistance changes depending on how much light falls on the device. The resistance of an LDR reduces as more light falls on it and vice-versa. Common uses for LDRs are light sensors, light meters, automatic streetlight control systems, etc. where sensitivity towar...read more

What is Box Build Assembly?

PCB Assembly

Box build assembly is the process of assembling various components like electronic elements including assembled PCBs, mechanical parts, and required sub-assemblies into one complete packaged, functional product. It is one of the later stages of electronics manufacturing following PCB fabrication and component assembly stages. Many large RF products, especially the ones available in benchtop and ra...read more

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